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If you own or drive a truck or car with a transmission, then you understand the significance of having it serviced regularly. No matter if it is manual, automatic, semi-automatic or CVT transmission – its efficiency must remain operational all of the time for optimal driving experiences.
Transmissions are complex systems consisting of nearly 800 parts that work together and control gear shifting. Knowing how each of these works is key for effective repairs or replacement.
Pump
Pumps are integral parts of any transmission system that move fluids between different points. Proper maintenance of this component will ensure it functions efficiently without breaking down unexpectedly.
Different pumps work differently; examples include gear pumps, lobe pumps, and screw pumps.
Gear pumps are rotary pumps that employ two interlocking gears to transfer liquid. These designs are often employed when moving tough or viscous liquids that require high frictional resistance, such as oils.
Fluid transfer pumps are used to move fluids between stationary sources and another location, such as a tank. Their performance can be assessed based on horsepower, flow rate, and head.
Hydraulic pumps, more commonly referred to as hydraulic motors, can be powered up via the Power Take-Off (PTO) on trucks and must be operated and maintained correctly to remain effective for vehicle operation.
An internal gear pump operates similarly to a lobe pump, except with two interlocking gears of different sizes that lock together and interlock with each other. One gear, known as the rotor, features teeth that protrude on its inside face while its counterpart (known as an idler or gear carrier) sits off-centre and engages with it through engagement mechanisms.
These pumps can handle a range of liquids, from pastes and slurries to solids; however, due to possible damage they cause to their shaft, this type isn’t advised for dry running.
Lobe pumps work by dislodging fluid trapped between two long helical rotors that fit inside each other at 90 degrees, rotating within a triangular-shaped sealing line configuration both for suction and discharge points. This design can be very effective for pumping difficult materials like sewage sludge that contains large particles.
Rotor blades are mounted within a thick rubber sleeve of typically x wall thickness. As they rotate, the rotors push fluid gradually up the sleeve resulting in very high pressure at low volumes.
Turbine
The turbine is an integral component of transmission that serves to spin pumps and torque converters, regulate engine speeds, distribute power across drive shaft and wheels and keep RPM levels within an ideal range for smooth shifting gears.
Turbines are an ancient method of mechanical energy conversion found in machines like wind wheels, water wheels and steam turbines. Their gears or electromagnetic induction capabilities enable them to transform kinetic energy into useful work output.
Wind turbines harness the aerodynamic force of air to generate electricity that can then be used for lighting, heating, or motors. A large tower with blades on it captures this kinetic energy to make a wind turbine.
There are various means by which kinetic energy can be transformed into usable energy, but one of the most efficient is through mechanical gearing. This involves mounting rotating blades on a rotor that can either be straight or curved to increase rotation speed and transfer this kinetic energy back into usable form.
The rotor then connects to a generator, either directly (if the turbine is direct drive) or indirectly via gears and shafts that increase rotational speed of the rotor and allow more energy production.
Turbines resemble large fan blades or airplane propellers due to their blade design; transmission fluid flows down from its source toward the center and back out again, increasing fluid pressure delivered from the turbine and creating more torque as its transmission rotates.
The turbine is an essential part of truck transmissions that serves to spin both pumps and torque Converters, while also controlling engine RPMs to maintain optimal transmission RPM ranges, sending power directly to drive shaft and wheels. Though fast in its operation, its speed must not force clutch pack to switch gears by itself.
Stator
The stoker is an integral component in your truck’s transmission. Working alongside its torque converter and pump, it helps manage gear shifting. Furthermore, its role is lubrication: keeping parts cool as they operate within it.
Your stoker is a large doughnut-shaped fluid coupling that connects with both the torque converter and pump to transmit power from engine to transmission:
First, this system features a one-way clutch connected to a fixed shaft within the transmission that only allows it to spin in one direction, enabling a stoker to redirect fluid going through the turbine during acceleration in order to increase torque production and then freewheel during deceleration so that its flow reverses when exiting from its turbine.
Stators can be utilized in a range of applications and can support different frequencies, voltages and outputs. Stators typically feature laminations made of high-grade steel that help decrease eddy current losses and boost performance and efficiency.
These laminates consist of multiple thin sheets stacked and welded together, to form a durable structure suitable for everyday use. Furthermore, each laminate can be customized and designed according to each customer’s exact specifications and needs.
Allied Chucker offers customized stators for a range of vehicles and can manufacture them to meet specific customer specifications. Customers have the choice between producing them with either keyed or splined shafts; our machining capabilities enable us to also produce companion flanges to match specific customer requests.
Each stoker is built with durability in mind to withstand the rigorous conditions of vehicle use. As it forms an integral component of a torque converter, stokers must withstand constant exposure to dirt and oil throughout their daily use.
A stoker’s role is to redirect fluid exiting the turbine during acceleration into the blades of a torque converter, increasing torque transference to the engine as well as efficiency of transmission.
Casing
Casing is a metal structure installed into a drilled well to stabilize it, keep contaminants and water from the oil stream out, and prevent oil leaking into groundwater. Constructed of steel for durability against hydraulic fracturing pressures, production pressures and corrosion conditions.
There are different kinds of casing available, such as surface casing, intermediate casing and production casing. Each variety serves a particular purpose in specific applications.
Casings are typically constructed from mild carbon steel that has been heat treated to various strengths. API grade designation for casing consists of an alphabet letter followed by the minimum yield strength in ksi (103 psi).
Yield Strength is a design factor used to calculate axial pipe body strength. Since it differs from joint-strength calculations, it’s critical that its calculations are executed accurately.
A casing string’s axial strength depends on various factors. Contact forces between inner and outer casing strings play an essential part, with static friction also being an influential factor.
Another key consideration is the length and ability of a string to be pulled without breaking, with longer strings becoming harder and harder to pull back out from holes requiring the removal of casing from holes than ever. Therefore, having an efficient safety program and adhering to all procedures necessary is vitally important.
Once the axial strength has been determined, it is time to calculate its diameter. Since each casing string must accommodate for passing the drill bit through its entirety, its dimensions must be large enough.
As this step is so vital to the process, it is best to ensure the holes are designed accurately. Drill holes to a specific depth before sealing them with cement to complete this step.
Casings are then pumped to their desired interval using displacement fluid behind the casing column, creating bumps that stop further fluid from passing through to ensure tight seal.